Some Information about Alexander the Great.
July 356 BC — June 11, 323 BC ), also known as Alexander III, king of Macedon ( 336 –323 BC ), is considered one of the most successful military commanders in world history, conquering most of the known world before his death. Alexander is also known in the Zoroastrian Middle Persian work Arda Wiraz Namag as "the accursed Alexander" due to his conquest of the Persian Empire and the destruction of its capital Persepolis. He is known as Eskandar and even acclaimed during the construction of the Great Wall Sadd-e Eskandar by the Parthian Dynasty.

He is also known in Middle Eastern traditions as Dhul-Qarnayn in Arabic, Dul-Qarnayim in Hebrew, Tre-Qarnayia in Aramaic (the two-horned one), apparently due to an image on coins minted during his rule that seemingly depicted him with the two ram's horns of the Egyptian god Ammon. He is known as Sikandar in Hindi, a term also used as a synonym for "expert" or "extremely skilled."

Alexander himself lived on in the history and myth of both Greek and non-Greek cultures. Already during his lifetime, and especially after his death, his exploits inspired a literary tradition

Alexander in Egypt:
In November 332 he reached Egypt, and the Egyptians welcomed him as their liberator. The Persian satrap Mazaces surrendered with no resistance. At Memphis Alexander was sacrificed to Apis, (Hapi) , and was crowned with the traditional double crown of the pharaohs of Egypt; the Egyptian priests were placated and their religion encouraged.
The winter (332-331) which Alexander spent in Egypt saw two memorable actions on his part:
The problematic expeditionto the oracle of Zeus Ammon (Oasis of Siwa)
The foundation of Alexandria at the Canopic mouth of the Nile

Death Of Alexander The Great:
On the afternoon of June 10 - 11, 323 BC, Alexander died of a mysterious illness in the palace of Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon. He was just one month shy of attaining 33 years of age. Various theories have been proposed for the cause of his death which include poisoning by the sons of Antipater or others, sickness that followed a drinking party, or a relapse of the malaria he had contracted in 336 BC.

                            As Program will Run as follows


Day 01: Cairo
Arrive Cairo International Airport meet and assist by Osoris steward with the sign of your name and assisting you through passport control formalities, luggage identification & portage then driving you by air-conditioned private Limousine to your hotel in which you will be assisted by Osoris Stewart for check-in. Overnight in Cairo .

Day 02 : Cairo / Alexandria 217 KM
Breakfast at hotel, Then meet our professional Egyptology English
Speaking guide to accompany you by private air-conditioned car to visit
Alexandria ( the distance between Cairo & Alexandria is 217 KM ) Arrive
Alexandria then visit The Pompy`s Pillar, mistakenly named so in the
middle ages, the granite pillar is over 25 meters high, Catacombs Kom El
Shukafa, this is the largest roman cemetery in Alexandria, it is composed
of three levels cut 30 meters deep intro the existing rock, El Montaza
Palace & Alexandria Library , Then transfer to your hotel in Alexandria,
Overnight in Alexandria

Day 03 : Alexandria - Marsa Maturh 150 KM
Breakfast at hotel, Optional Tour Can be arranged as follows :
One day diving on the underwater city of CLEOPATRA (2 dives)
10.00 am arrival at the dive center (located next to Tikka Grill
restaurant – eastern harbor), reception and equipment preparation
10.30 am briefing with slide show presentation on the dives
11.00 am boarding
11.30 am first dive site (pharos island – one dive for 45 min. at
a depth of 8 meters) see more than 8000 archeological pieces
including: sphinxes, columns of all eras (pharonic - Greek- Roman) parts of the Lighthouse of Alexandria (one of the seven Wonders of the world) base of obelisks, statues, inscriptions and other surprises.
01.00 pm second dive site (Lovers island or Antirodos island) 45 min. at 5 meters depth. On this site, which was the summer palace of Mark Anthony, you will see lime stones of the palace, columns, Amphoras that was used for the Royal food and drinks, a Second World War airplane that fell down on the palace. A magical mixture created by accident, combining the far and the near past.
2.30pm. back to the dive center for lunch
Then drive to Matruh via the Mediterranean Coast, stop at Alamein cemetery to visit the Memorial of the Second World War and the Alamein Battlefield. and the Military Museum Lunch on route. Continue to Matruh, a pretty town on the shore of the
Mediterranean. Dinner and Overnight at your Hotel in Matruh
Day 04 : Marsa Maturh / Siwa 300 KM
Breakfast at hotel , Then drive to Siwa. { Some Information about Siwa Oasis }
The Siwa Depression , 82 kilometers (51 miles ) long and between
9 to 28 kilometers (5.6 miles ) wide, is the furthest Egyptian
Depression from the Nile Valley. There are several salt lakes in the
depression, fed from sewer water underground springs. In the west
are Birket al-Maraqi, 9 square kilometers (5.6 miles ) and Birket
Siwa, the largest lake in the depression at 43 square kilometers
( 20 square miles ) . The only remaining lakes in the east are Birket
Azmuri, and Birket Zaytun, a 16 square kilometer ( 10square mile)
lake. In Siwa there are over 3000 mountains and hills. There are
four important mountains in Siwa : Gebel al-Mawta , Gebel
al-Dakrur, Gebel Hamra and Gebel Baydai. All the mountains are riddled with uninscribed caves. Siwa sits at the northwestern edge of the Great Sand Sea. There is plenty of water in Siwa, with over 1000 springs currently in use, but it is highly saline and not good for watering a wide variety of crops. Although the Siwans have a limited agriculture, growing only dates ( the best in all of North Africa ) , olives, and a few vegetables, still agriculture is the major industry in Siwa. The lakes are so salty that no marine life survives.
The most inaccessible of all Egypt's oasis, is also one of the most fascinating. On the edge of the Great Sand Sea , its rich history includes a visit from Alexander the
Great to consult the Oracle of Amun Oracle Temple in Siwa In the
mostly abandoned village of Aghurmi in the Siwa Oasis is a most
famous temple of Amun, now more known as the Temple of the
Oracle because of Alexander's visit when he conquered Egypt. It
is actually one of two temples dedicated to Amun at Siwa It sits
atop a flat rock, and is a spectacular sight. Built during the 26th
Dynasty (though the Oracle's origin is reputed to be much, much
older), this temple and its Oracle flourished well into the Greek
and Roman periods , Alexander the Great, in 331 BC ) consulted the
Oracle in order to seek confirmation that he was the son of Zeus ( Amun ), and therefore a legitimate ruler of both Egypt and other lands that he conquered. When he and his entourage arrived after capturing Egypt, a manifestation of the Oracle was paraded through the city accompanied by eighty priests After Alexander the Great visit to the Oracle, whenever his image appeared on coins, Alexander the Great was shown with the horns of the ram, symbolic of the god Amun , Alexander the Great consulted the Oracle at least once, and probably more than one time.. Picnic Lunch , then proceeding to your Hotel for dinner and overnight in Siwa Oasis.

Day 05 : Siwa
Breakfast at your hotel. A.M Visit Adu Sherouf Lake, Senousy village, Picnic Lunch then visit Gebel El Mawta (Mountain of the Dead), and enjoy the Sunset . Dinner . Overnight in Siwa Oasis.

Day 06 : Siwa / Bahariya 400 KM
After breakfast drive to Bahariya , { Some Information about Bahariya } Bahariya is the closest oasis to Cairo in kilometers, but the most distant oasis in time.
Bahariya Oasis, part of the highly populated Giza Governorate,
has been slow to move into the modern world. Of course, for the
traveler in search of the past this is wonderful. The depression
is 94 kilometers long and 42 kilometers wide and contains 2000
square kilometers. There are plenty of hills and mountains in
Bahariya Depression and they form the dominant feature of the
oasis. Among the dominant mountains are Gebel Hafuf, Gebel
al-Ghaba, Mountain of the Forest, Gebel Ghurabi, Mountain of
the Crow; Gebel Dist, Mountain of the Pot. Despite the fact that
Bahariya is the highest oasis in elevation, the water makes its way to the surface through natural fissures. Bahariya also has a number of ancient aqueduct systems. In the 1920's and the 1930's dozens of major fossils were discovered including Simoliophis rochebrunei, the largest and oldest snake known. Crops are plentiful in Bahariya. Orchards contain a variety of tries, including dates, lemon, olive, mango and guava. Plentiful Wildlife , especially for birds such as wheatears ; for crops including dates , olives, apricots...... Bawiti is the largest village in three Oasis ; its picturesque hillside quarter overlooks lush palm groves irrigated by a natural spring hewn from the rock in Roman times which gushes water at 30 degree , also nearby, you can see tombs with paintings relating to the 26th Dynasty . The Oasis is also famous for its mineral and sulpher springs. Lunch on route. during enjoying the beauty of the Desert passing the sand Dunes.
P.M Enjoying the Sunset at the English House (the highest point of the oasis). Dinner and Overnight at your Hotel in Bahariya Oasis.

Day 07 : Bahariya/White Desert (180 km)
Breakfast at your hotel. visit the Bedouin village of Hayz (35km from Bawiti),which was a very prosperous area during the roman period. Visit Qasr Selim, the Golden
Mummies Museum and tomb of Benouti, Lunch on route. drive to the
White Desert , a paradise for rockhounds and amateur geologists,
with its impressive limestone formations shaped like giant mushrooms
or animals. The richness and variety of Egyptian landscape is endless.
At least if you ever decide to visit the White Desert , that's the
message you'll get. It is a vast stretch of land in the Western Desert
that borders Baharia Oasis to the north and Al-Farafra to the south.
The snow-white desert is actually made of chalk that has been
exposed for years to what geologists call "differential weathering,
" the erosion of soft particles that results in eerie protrusions of hard rock. This explains the very beautiful forms that now fill the White Desert including shapes like domes, minarets, castles, towers and so forth. The destination has proved a great attraction to low-budget travelers who camp in the few oases, watch the fauna and flora and enjoy the mild winter weather. P.M Visit the black desert, Crystal Mountain and enjoying Sunset between the white charming rocks. Dinner and overnight at your Camp in the White Desert. Day 08 : White Desert/Cairo (500 km)
Breakfast at your Camp.
drive back to Cairo passing by Bahariya Oasis. Arrival Cairo. Overnight At your Hotel Day 09 : Final Departure
A.M Check - Out after breakfast. drive to Cairo international Airport by air-conditioned private limousine accompanied by Osoris Steward for final departure